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Current Issue

Latest Issue (Vol.:5,Issue:2, April-June 2025)

Title: ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION AND ITS IMPACT ON WILDLIFE AND ECOSYSTEMS
Author: Dharmendra Kr Dubey*, Aastha Goswami, Mahendra Pratap Yadav, Dharmendra Makwana, Ayaz Ravat
Keyword: Electric Vehicle, Wildlife Ecosystems
Page No: 40-45

Abstract: The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has become a central strategy in reducing urban air pollution, combating climate change, and transitioning towards sustainable transportation. While the benefit s of EV adoption in urban settings are well-documented, less attention has been paid to the broader environmental implications, particularly on wildlife and ecosystems. This research explores the impact of electric vehicle integration on wildlife and ecosystems, focusing on how cleaner air, reduced noise pollution, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions from EVs contribute to the preservation of urban biodiversity and natural habitats. Using case studies from cities like Mumbai, Delhi, and New York, this paper analyzes how EV adoption in public transport systems, such as electric buses, can mitigate harmful pollutants that affect both human health and wildlife. The study also examines the indirect benefits of EV adoption, including the reduction of roadkill, less disturbance to wildlife from noise pollution, and improved ecological health in urban parks and natural reserves. Additionally, the paper explores the challenges of integrating EVs into urban environments, such as the need for robust infrastructure, policy support, and technological advancements. The research concludes that widespread adoption of electric vehicles, coupled with strategic urban planning and conservation efforts, can significantly contribute to the preservation of ecosystems and wildlife in metropolitan areas. This paper calls for a holistic approach that integrates sustainable transportation policies with wildlife conservation goals to ensure a balanced and thriving urban environment.. Key words: Electric Vehicle, Wildlife Ecosystems. Download PDF

Title: EMPLOYING POE STRATEGY-BASED HANDS-ON-MODEL TO TEACH BREATHING MECHANISM IN GRADE 9 BIOLOGY STUDENTS IN BHUTAN
Author: Rinchen Drakpa* and Sonam Zangmo
Keyword: Breathing Mechanism; Hands-on-Model; Predict-Observe-Explain.
Page No: 46-53

Abstract: According to numerous studies meaningful learning by students occurs when they are engaged in a lesson that requires observation and investigation. Further, students’ curiosity and level of interests in lesson increase when they are involved in handling physical model. Therefore this study attempts to investigate students’ conceptual achievement and their attitudes towards the developed learning lesson: Predict-Observe-Explain based Hands on Model in breathing mechanism in grade 9 students. A group consisting of 30 grade nine biology students was involved in experimental group and a group of 30 students as control group. The data were gathered via pre-test and post-test, students’ worksheets (structured concept map and POE task) and attitude by the 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Interview questions were used to corroborate the data gathered by other tools. The findings show significant conceptual achievement in the experimental group with t-test value of 16.9 with pre-test mean (3.7+-0.48) and post-test mean (7.83+- 0.41), and also show positive learning experience and attitude towards the developed learning lesson and the topic. Key words: Breathing Mechanism; Hands-on-Model; Predict-Observe-Explain. Download PDF

Title: POLICY AND DESIGN FRAMEWORKS FOR GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: EVIDENCE-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR URBAN SUSTAINABILITY
Author: Shreyas Pande*, Dr Munna Verma, Dr Prashant Kumar Gangwar
Keyword: Green infrastructure, urban sustainability, policy frameworks, design principles, sustainable urban development, evidence-based recommendations, urban planning.
Page No: 54-64

Abstract: This paper highlights the potential of green infrastructure (GI) as a transformative approach for addressing India's urban challenges, including water management, air quality improvement, biodiversity conservation, and community well-being. By examining existing policies such as the Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT, the study identifies gaps in implementation and opportunities for scaling up GI initiatives. The research proposes a comprehensive policy and design framework that emphasizes climate-resilient, community-focused, and cost-effective strategies tailored to India's diverse urban and ecological contexts. Key case studies from cities like Delhi, Chennai, and Bengaluru illustrate practical applications and successes, offering replicable models for other Indian cities. Furthermore, the paper addresses barriers such as financial constraints, lack of awareness, and urban sprawl, presenting innovative solutions like green bonds, public-private partnerships, and capacity-building programs. The findings aim to empower policymakers, urban planners, and designers with actionable, evidence-based recommendations to foster sustainable and resilient urban development in India. Download PDF

Title: ANALYSING THE PERFORMANCE OF CHATGPT-4.0 COMPARED TO PREVIOUS GENERATIONS IN NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING AND GENERATION
Author: Sharo Paw, Thet Thet Aung, Myat Mon Khaing, Hlaing Htake Khaung Tin
Keyword: ChatGPT-4.0, Natural Language, Generation, Performance, AI.
Page No: 65-74

Abstract: This study investigates the consequences of ChatGPT-4.0 on conversational AI applications, with a peek into both its improvements and limitations. ChatGPT-4.0 is a quantum leap in NLP, which is signif icantly improved as compared to the forerunners in understanding languages, handling contexts, and offering precise answers. In this work, there is an evaluation concerning how such advancement places it better in use regarding customer care services, education, and psychological assistance. We consider the performance of the model along various dimensions, such as coherence, relevance, and engagingness of responses. There are issues of bias, fairness, and other ethical considerations yet to hold back the complete roll-out of ChatGPT-4.0. This research investigates some of those limitations, exploring implications for both users and applications. We conduct comparative user studies in this work to point out differences in experience due to ChatGPT-4.0 from previous models and, in turn, provide insights about the practical benefits and flaws in the latest iteration. The study concludes with a discussion of possible future directions for building conversational AI in the spirit of overcoming current limitations and incorporating emerging technologies. The paper contributes to a well recognizing of the emerging capabilities of conversational AI and informs its future development. Download PDF

Title: RATANJOT HUE A POTENTIAL NATURAL HAIR DYE CONTAINING ALKANNA TINCTORIA
Author: Suhani Shah
Keyword: Herbal hair dye, Ratanjot, Alkanna tinctoria, antioxidant properties, scalp nourishment
Page No: 75-84

Abstract: Herbal products are increasingly preferred over synthetic alternatives due to their safety and lack of harmful side effects caused by chemicals. Herbal hair dyes, particularly, have gained popularity because they effectively address the adverse effects associated with chemical-based dyes. The term "herbal" is often associated with safety and natural care. Hair discolouration occurs due to various factors such as genetics, environmental influences, and exposure to harsh substances like alcohol-based solutions. The natural hair shade is determined by the ratio of melanin pigments, including eumelanin and pheomelanin. This research focuses on the formulation of a herbal hair dye using extracts from natural ingredients, including Ratanjot, Henna, Mustard Oil, Tea Extract, Egg Yolk, and Lemon Juice. These ingredients provide vibrant colouring, deep conditioning, scalp nourishment, and exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Ratanjot (Alkanna tinctoria), a medicinal plant rich in alkannin, is the key ingredient responsible for the reddish-brown to deep burgundy colour. The prepared herbal hair dye was evaluated using various parameters, including organoleptic properties, physicochemical tests, dyeing effects, and patch testing to ensure safety and effectiveness. Key words: Herbal hair dye, Ratanjot, Alkanna tinctoria, antioxidant properties, scalp nourishment Download PDF

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